While each province imposes penalties for impaired driving, the Department of Justice lays down some federal guidelines for the offence.
These include the following mandatory minimum penalties:
For first-time offenders:
A mandatory minimum fine of $1,000 applies for a BAC of 0.119 or (for a drug-impaired driving charge) 5ng of THC or any other prohibited drug in your system within two hours of driving.
If you are found with 2.5ng of THC per ml and a BAC of .05 combined, the mandatory minimum fine is also $1000.
Fines increase according to BAC content from there:
- 0.120 to 0.159: a minimum $1,500 fine
- 0.160 or higher: a minimum $2,000 fine
For second-time offenders:
A second conviction for any of the above will result in a mandatory minimum of 30 days in prison.
For third-time offenders:
A third conviction for any of the above will result in a mandatory minimum of 120 days in prison.
The federal guidelines state that the maximum penalty for each of the above charges is 10 years in prison.
Not providing a sample:
If you choose not to provide a blood or urine sample to police you will be treated harshly, with a minimum fine of $2,000. The chances of a conviction are also high.
If an injury to another person results from your impaired driving, a summary conviction carries a maximum of two years in prison less a day.
In some particularly serious cases, the offence is charged as an indictment, with a maximum prison term of 14 years.
If your impaired driving causes the death of another individual, a life prison term is possible according to federal guidelines for indictments.
In addition to these federal guidelines, each province sets mandatory penalties for the removal of driving privileges and participation in drug and alcohol education programs.
Note that if you are convicted of impaired driving in Canada, you will face two separate driver’s license suspensions: a criminal suspension imposed by the federal government and an administrative suspension imposed by your provincial government. The administrative suspension will apply regardless of the outcome of your criminal case.